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The Roman historian Suetonius (c. AD 69 – c. AD 122) makes reference to early Christians and possible reference to their founder in his work ''Lives of the Twelve Caesars''.〔Suetonius, Catharine Edwards. ''Lives of the Caesars'' (2001) ISBN 0192832719 pp. 184, 203〕〔John Dominic Crossan, ''Birth of Christianity'' (1999) ISBN 0567086682 p. 3〕〔Van Voorst, ''Jesus'', 2000. pp. 29-30〕〔Andreas J. Köstenberger, L. Scott Kellum, ''The Cradle, the Cross, and the Crown: An Introduction to the New Testament'' (2009) ISBN 978-0-8054-4365-3 p. 110〕 A statement in ''Divus Claudius'' 25 involves the agitations in the Roman Jewish community which led to the expulsion of Jews from Rome by Claudius in AD 49, and may be the same event mentioned in the Acts of the Apostles (18:2).〔 Scholars are divided on the value of this reference in the biography of Claudius. Some scholars see it as a likely reference to Jesus, while others see it as referring to an otherwise unknown person living in Rome.〔Van Voorst, ''Jesus'', 2000. pp. 38-39〕〔Eddy, Paul; Boyd, Gregory. ''The Jesus Legend: A Case for the Historical Reliability of the Synoptic Jesus Tradition'' (2007) ISBN 0-8010-3114-1 pages 166〕〔Craig S. Keener, ''The Historical Jesus of the Gospels'' (2012) ISBN 0802868886 p. 66〕 Louis Feldman states that most scholars assume that in the reference Jesus is meant and that the disturbances mentioned were due to the spread of Christianity in Rome.〔Louis H. Feldman, ''Jewish Life and Thought among Greeks and Romans'' (Oct 1, 1996) ISBN 0567085252 p. 332〕 The ''Nero'' 16 passage refers to a series of rulings by Nero for public order, one of which being the punishment of Christians.〔Geoffrey W. Bromiley, ''The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia'', Volume 4, (Eerdmans, 1959) ISBN 9780802837844 p.216, col.2.〕 These punishments are generally dated to around AD 64,〔 the year of the Great Fire of Rome. In this passage Suetonius describes Christianity as a superstition ''(superstitio)'' as do his contemporaries, Tacitus and Pliny.〔 Historians debate whether or not the Roman government distinguished between Christians and Jews prior to Nerva's modification of the Fiscus Judaicus in AD 96. From then on, practising Jews paid the tax, Christians did not.〔Wylen, Stephen M., ''The Jews in the Time of Jesus: An Introduction'', Paulist Press (1995), ISBN 0-8091-3610-4, pp.190-192; Dunn, James D.G., ''Jews and Christians: The Parting of the Ways, 70 to 135'', Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing (1999), ISBN 0-8028-4498-7, Pp 33-34.; Boatwright, Mary Taliaferro & Gargola, Daniel J & Talbert, Richard John Alexander, ''The Romans: From Village to Empire'', Oxford University Press (2004), ISBN 0-19-511875-8, p.426;〕 ==The Claudius reference== Roman Emperor Claudius reigned 41 to 54 AD. Suetonius reports his dealings with the eastern Roman Empire, that is, with Greece and Macedonia, and with the Lycians, Rhodians, and Trojans.〔C. Adrian Thomas, ''A Case for Mixed-Audience With Reference to the Warning Passages in the Book of Hebrews'', Peter Lang Pub (2008) p 116〕 In ''Claudius'' 25 Suetonius refers to the expulsion of Jews by Claudius and states (in Edwards' translation):〔 In Acts of the Apostles (18:2) the writer makes the following parallel commentary As it is highly unlikely that a hypothetical Christian interpolator would have called Jesus "Chrestus", placed him in Rome in 49, or called him a "troublemaker", the overwhelming majority of scholars conclude that the passage is genuine.〔Van Voorst, ''Jesus'', 2000. p 30-31〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Suetonius on Christians」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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